Bearing assembly spacer adjustment system and method for adjusting spacer

ABSTRACT

A system for adjusting at least one spacer of a bearing assembly includes a force-transmitting member and a preload regulator. The force-transmitting member is configured to operatively receive a force and to transmit the force to an adjustable spacer. The preload regulator includes a first portion and a second portion movable relative to each other with the first portion being movable in response to the force and the second portion being received by and stationary relative to the bearing assembly. The preload regulator further includes a controller coupled to the first portion and the second portion with the controller being configured to detect an electrical contact between the first portion and the second portion.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 10/616,030, filedJul. 9, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,251,892, entitled Bearing AssemblySpacer Adjustment System And Method For Adjusting A Spacer, and relatesto co-owned U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,282,639, 6,004,040, 6,244,751, 4,067,585,5,549,397, 6,327,773, and 6,461,051 B1, which are hereby incorporated byreference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates, generally, to spindle mounted bearings and, moreparticularly, to adjustment of an adjustable spacer placed between suchbearings mounted on a spindle, axle, shaft, or the like.

BACKGROUND ART

Anti-friction bearings may serve to decrease friction between, forexample, a stator and a rotor. For instance, such bearings may allowrelative rotation between a housing and a spindle extending through thehousing. The housing may comprise, for example, a hub. The spindle maycomprise a shaft, axle, or the like. The bearings may comprise rollerbearings, for example, tapered roller bearings. In one example, thetapered roller bearings may be employed in wheel hub and axleassemblies. In another example, the tapered roller bearings may beemployed in devices such as motors, pumps, or speed reducers.

A typical tapered roller bearing may include a cone having an inner racefor mounting on a spindle, a cup having an outer race for mounting in ahousing, and a plurality of roller elements within a roller cagepositioned between the inner and outer races. Commonly, a pair of suchtapered roller bearings may be mounted on a spindle for rotationrelative to or within a housing. Cooperating bearings, such as a pair oftapered roller bearings, may be included in a bearing assembly, forinstance, of a motor, pump, speed reducer, or transmission assembly. Inone example of “direct mounting” of the tapered roller bearings, thecups may be located in the bearing assembly axially outward relative tothe cones. With exemplary “indirect mounting” of the tapered rollerbearings, the cups may be located in the bearing assembly axially inwardrelative to the cones, as will be understood by those skilled in theart.

In order to properly secure bearings for operation, it is usuallynecessary to retain the bearings tightly under a predetermined axialtolerance or load on the spindle, for example, so that the bearings canmaintain a proper running clearance of the roller elements under theinfluence of the combined axial and radial forces which the bearings aredesigned to support. Manufacturers of such assemblies often carefullymeasure the space between the bearing inner races, and provide a spacerof precisely the correct dimension and load requirements to fittherebetween. The spacer is typically made of ground steel tubing to alength tolerance of plus or minus one half of one thousandths of aninch. If the bearings are not maintained at a proper tolerance and/orload the bearings may not roll properly or may prematurely wear,particularly if the bearings are maintained at too high of a load, ormay, if maintained under too low of a load, have excessive play causingfailure of the bearings.

An exemplary configuration for an adjustable spacer is disclosed in U.S.Pat. No. 5,549,397 to John E. Rode (entitled “Adapter Sleeve and anAdjustable Spacer with Radial Extension Useable Thereon,” issued Aug.27, 1996, and assigned to Temper Corporation), which is herebyincorporated herein by reference in its entirety. One approach toassembling or preloading a bearing arrangement is disclosed in U.S. Pat.No. 4,214,465 to Rode. The preloading or adjustment incorporates use ofa deformable spacer which is assembled with the bearings using ahydraulic ram assembly.

Thus, a need exists for improving ease, accuracy, performance,repeatability and/or control of adjustment to an adjustable spacer of abearing assembly. A need also exists for decreasing the degree ofoperator judgment and/or skill required (e.g., by introducing automationand/or indicators, such as for mass production situations and/orarrangements) to properly adjust the spacer. An additional need existsfor decreasing dimensional measurements required to properly prepare abearing assembly and/or a spacer thereof. Another need exists for theadjustable spacer to allow a desired adjustment to be provided for thebearing assembly. Thus, a need exists for a system improving ease,accuracy, and control of adjustment, fitting, assembling, or tailoringof workpieces, e.g. bearing assemblies and spacers thereof.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides, in a first aspect, a spacer adjustmentsystem for adjusting at least one spacer of a bearing assembly whichincludes a force-transmitting member and a preload regulator. Theforce-transmitting member is configured to operatively receive a forceand to transmit the force to an adjustable spacer. The preload regulatorincludes a first portion and a second portion movable relative to eachother with the first portion being movable in response to the force andthe second portion being received by, and stationary relative to, thebearing assembly. The preload regulator further includes a controllercoupled to the first portion and the second portion with the controllerbeing configured to detect an electrical contact between the firstportion and the second portion.

The present invention provides, in a second aspect, a method foradjusting at least one spacer of a bearing assembly which includesapplying a force to a force-transmitting member and a preload regulatorto move the force-transmitting member thus operatively transferringforce to the at least one spacer. The force is received at the preloadregulator for regulating a desired adjustment to the at least one spacerwith the regulator including a first portion and a second portion whichare movable relative to each other. The first portion is operativelymovable with the force-transmitting member and the second portion isreceived by, and stationary relative to, the bearing assembly. Themethod further includes contacting the first portion and the secondportion in response to the force to cause the preload regulator tocontrol the force to control the movement of force-transmitting memberto regulate the desired adjustment of the at least one spacer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The subject matter which is regarded as the invention is particularlypointed out and distinctly claimed in the claims at the conclusion ofthe specification. The foregoing and other features, and advantages ofthe invention will be readily understood from the following detaileddescription of preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a cutaway, sectional, partial, side view of one example of anadjustable spacer in a bearing assembly located between a spindle and ahousing;

FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a system for adjusting anadjustable spacer of a bearing assembly, in accordance with the presentinvention;

FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the system for adjusting anadjustable spacer of FIG. 2 coupled to a force-application member;

FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of FIG. 3 depicting aforce-application member in a home position and a gap between a firstportion and a second portion of a preload regulator;

FIG. 5 depicts the spacer adjustment system of FIG. 4 with theforce-application member in a position between a home position and aterminal position; and

FIG. 6 depicts the spacer adjustment system of FIG. 4 with theforce-application member in a terminal position and a first and secondportion of the preload regulator contacting each other.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In accordance with the principles of the present invention, aspacer-adjustment system and methods for adjusting at least one spacerof a bearing assembly are provided.

A bearing assembly 1 including a first bearing 2 and a second bearing 4is depicted in FIG. 1. The bearings may be mounted on a shaft or spindle6. The spindle may comprise, for example, a central member (e.g., anaxle, a shaft, and/or the like) that may rotate within a bearingportion. For instance, the spindle may comprise an axle of a vehicle ora shaft of a motor or speed reducer. Also, the central member may remainstationary and an outer housing or (e.g., wheel) hub 8 may rotatethereabout. In one example, the bearings may include a pair of identicalbut opposed tapered roller bearings. In addition, one or more of thebearings may comprise an unsealed or a sealed bearing.

Still referring to FIG. 1, bearings 2 and 4 may support a housing or(e.g., wheel) hub 8. For example, the hub may support a part of a wheelor tire (not shown). An adjustable spacer 10 may be located axiallybetween the bearings, and radially between spindle 6 and the hub orhousing 8. The adjustable spacer may include a deformable portion 40.

Further referring to FIG. 1, a deformable portion 40 of adjustablespacer 10 may serve to allow adjustment to, for instance, axial lengthof the adjustable spacer, and/or any number of other characteristicsand/or behaviors of the adjustable spacer. For example, adjustment tothe deformable portion of the adjustable spacer may allow preloading ofbearing assembly 1. Preloading of the adjustable spacer may serve toprovide a proper axial loading on the bearing assembly, including theadjustable spacer, to obtain optimal performance and/or maximal life,with substantial elimination of play in the bearings. In one example,the desired adjustment to the adjustable spacer may include anadjustment to an axial dimension of the spacer and/or a compression ofthe deformable portion 40 of the adjustable spacer.

An exemplary configuration for adjustable spacer 10 is presented herein,with further detail and discussion of exemplary feature(s) for theadjustable spacer being disclosed in co-owned U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,283,639,6,004,040, 6,244,751, 4,067,585 and 5,549,397, which are herebyincorporated herein by reference above. An illustrative description ofadjustment applicable and/or extendible to a number of such adjustablespacers is presented herein.

Again referring to FIG. 1, bearing 2 may comprise a tapered rollerbearing that may include inner race 12 mounted on spindle 6, outer race14 mounted in housing 8, and roller elements 16 positioned between theinner race 12 and the outer race 14. Bearing 4 may comprise a taperedroller bearing that may include inner race 22 mounted on the spindle,outer race 24 mounted in the housing, and roller elements 26 positionedbetween the inner race 22 and the outer race 24. Bearing 2 and/orbearing 4 may employ a roller cage 25 in order to hold the correspondingroller elements 16, 26 in proper position between the correspondinginner and outer races. For explanatory purposes, FIG. 1 depicts indirectmounting of the bearings. That is, outer race (e.g., cup) 14 may belocated in bearing assembly 100 axially inward of inner race (e.g.,cone) 12 of the bearing 2. Further, outer race (e.g., cup) 24 may belocated in the bearing assembly 10 axially inward of inner race (e.g.,cone) 22 of the bearing 4. In another example, direct mounting of thebearings may be employed, as will be appreciated by those skilled in theart. An exemplary direct mounting of bearings is disclosed in theabove-incorporated application Ser. No. 09/130,166.

Referring still to FIG. 1, axial as well as radial support may beprovided among various components of bearing assembly 1. For instance,outer race 24 of bearing 4 may provide axial support for housing 8,while also providing radial support thereto, such as for positioningthereof. Furthermore, the housing may be formed to abut outer race 14 ofthe bearing 2 along axial as well as radial surfaces. Such formationand/or positioning may allow alignment, support, and/or force transferalong a selected number of paths and/or with a selected number ofinterfaces, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.

In one example, additionally referring to FIG. 1, housing 8 may includeinner shoulder 34 and outer shoulder 36. The inner shoulder may serve toreceive outer race 14 of bearing 2. The outer shoulder may serve toreceive outer race 24 of bearing 4. Adjustable spacer 10 may include afirst end 38 and a second end 39. For instance, first end 38 may axiallyabut inner race 12 of bearing 2, and may radially abut a first locationon spindle 6. The end 39 may axially abut inner race 22 of bearing 4,and may axially abut a second location on the spindle.

Referring again to FIG. 1, housing 8 may be mounted about outer races 14and 24 for rotation of the housing about spindle 6, with roller elements16 positioned between the outer race 14 and inner race 12, rollerelements 26 positioned between the outer race 24 and inner race 22, andthe inner races mounted on the spindle. In another example, the spindlemay rotate within the housing. That is, the spindle and/or the housingmay serve as, and/or resemble, a stator and/or a rotor, as will beappreciated by those skilled in the art.

In an exemplary embodiment depicted in FIGS. 2-6, a spacer-adjustmentsystem 100 for adjusting at least one spacer of a bearing assembly isdepicted. A force-transmitting member 120 is configured to operativelyreceive a force and to transmit the force to adjustable spacer 10. Apreload regulator 140 is configured to operatively receive the force andto regulate an adjustment of the spacer.

Force-transmitting member 120 is configured to abut spacer 10 and totransmit force from a force-application member 150 (FIG. 3) to spacer10. Force-application member 150 may include a screw, e.g., a screw ofapproximately 1 to 1.25 inch diameter, and about 12 threads per inchlead, as in a 1.25-12 unified national thread. The construction,operation, and use of screws is well known in the art. In anotherexample, force-application member 150 may be a ball screw controlled bya servo-motor or a DC motor. In a different example, the screw may be,for instance, concentrically (e.g., relative to axis 150) arranged in ahollow of a hydraulic force-application member (e.g., cylinder). In afurther example, two or more separate hydraulic force-applicationmembers (e.g., cylinders, not shown) may be arranged alongside and/orparallel to a (e.g., central) force-application member (e.g., screw).Moreover, force application member 150 may be any type of mechanicalpress controllable by a switch and which is not prone to over-travel,e.g., the press may be controllable to consistently cause it to stopupon a signal being sent thereto, or a switch being actuated.

An interface member 160 may also be present between forceapplication-member 150 and both force-transmitting member 120 andpreload regulator 140. Interface member 160 may be configured tooperatively receive an end 151 of force-application member 150 via acurrent detector support 211 located between interface member 160 andend 151. Interface member 160 may further operatively engageforce-application member 150 with force-transmitting member 120 andpreload regulator 140. Such engagement of force-application member 150with force-transmitting member 120 and preload regulator 140 may be viainterface member 160 having an engaging-member 162 thereof which may beintegral to, or separate from, interface member 160. More specifically,engaging-member 162 may abut a notch 121 of force-transmitting member120 and may simultaneously operatively abut preload regulator 140, e.g.,via roller elements 143. Further, force-application member 150 andinterface member 160 may be integral to each other or separate from, andengagable with, each other.

Force-transmitting member 120 may include a top portion 122 connected toa bottom portion 124 by a non-conductive (e.g., nylon) screw 125.Further, top portion 122 and bottom portion 124 may be separated by aninsulator 126, e.g., an electrical insulator having a G-10 designationand being 0.032 inch thick. Such insulation inhibits electricalconduction between top portion 122 and bottom portion 124. Preloadregulator 140 may be substantially cylindrical in nature and maysurround force-transmitting member 120 which may be located in a centercavity of preload regulator 140. Force-transmitting member 120 may bemovable due to a force received from force-application member 150 viainterface member 160. An end 123 of force-transmitting member 120 mayabut spacer 10 to apply the force received from interface member 160 andforce-application member 150 to spacer 10 thus allowing spacer 10 to beadjusted.

Preload regulator 140 includes a first portion 142 and a second portion144. First portion 142 may abut engaging-member 162 and may be movablewith force-application member 150 via interface-member 160 (e.g.,engaging-member 162 thereof) and may be movable with force-transmittingmember 120. Preload regulator 140 may be surrounded by a conductingjacket 155 which may have a cylindrical shape. Also, an air gap may bepresent between conducting jacket 155 and first portion 142 of preloadregulator 140. For example, an air gap 156 may be about 0.020 inch. Suchgap may prevent any electrical connection between conducting jacket 155and first portion 142. Also, gap 156 could include electrical insulationtherein or an insulative coating could be applied to first portion 142and/or second portion 144 to provide electrical insulation therebetween.Such coatings are useful for mass production of preload regulator 140,for example.

Second portion 144 may have a bottom end 145, which abuts a race (e.g.,outer race 24) of bearing assembly 1. Bottom end 145 may be tapered orotherwise configured to be received on, and to be longitudinallystationary relative to, bearing assembly 1. An aligning pin or screw 170may be received in a first pin cavity 172 of first portion 142 and asecond pin cavity 174 of second portion 144. Aligning pin 170 mayconnect first portion 142 and second portion 144 and maintain theportions longitudinally aligned relative to one another. An insulator173 may provide electrical insulation between first portion 142 and pin170 connected to second portion 144. Also, first portion 142 may have afirst spring receiving cavity 146 and second portion 144 may have asecond spring receiving cavity 147. A spring 180 may be received infirst receiving cavity 146 and second receiving cavity 147. Spring 180may be formed to be longer than a combination of the longitudinaldimensions of first spring receiving cavity 146 and second springreceiving cavity 147 such that a space or gap 185 exists between firstportion 142 and second portion 144 in response to spring 180 beingreceived in the cavities when spring 180 is in an uncompressed state.

Spring 180 may be sized such that when inserted into first springreceiving cavity 146 and second spring receiving cavity 147, gap 185 isprovided between a lateral extension 190 of first portion 142 and a topportion 195 of second portion 144. Such gap may be closed by movement offirst portion 142 towards second portion 144 resulting from the forcesupplied by force-application member 150. More specifically,force-application member 150 may apply a force to interface member 160to apply the force to first portion 142 via engaging-member 162 to closegap 185, as depicted in FIG. 6. Forward motion of force-transmittingmember 120 may be stopped when the gap is closed to provide a desiredadjustment to spacer 10, e.g., deformable portion 40.

Further, lateral extension 190 of first portion 142 may include a firstsensor 192 on a bottom end thereof and top portion 195 of second portion144 may include a second sensor 197, as best depicted in FIG. 4. Firstsensor 192 and second sensor 197 may be operatively coupled to acontroller 200 which may be coupled to force-application member 150.First sensor 192 refers to an area of first portion 142 where anelectrical contact may be made with an area of second portion 144 whichis referred to as second sensor 197 herein. In one example, conductingjacket 155 may be connected to, and electrically coupled to, secondsensor 197 and further may be coupled to an electrical current detector210 via an electrical conducting brush 201. Further, first portion 142of preload regulator 140 may be coupled to current detector 210 via asecond electrically conducting brush 203. Electrical current detector210 may thus be coupled to controller 200, which may be separate from orintegral to current detector 210. The use of brushes 205 (e.g., brush201 and brush 203) allows first portion 142 to be rotated yet stillremain in electrical connection with current detector 210.

The closing of gap 185 and the resulting contact between first sensor192 and second sensor 197 allows electrical current detector 210 todetect a completed circuit resulting from the contact of first sensor192 and second sensor 197. Current detector 210 may indicate suchcontact to controller 200 to detect the closing of the gap. Controller200 may control movement of force-application member 150 and upon theclosing of gap 185, controller 200 may control the movement offorce-application member 150 to stop, continue and/or reverse itsforward motion. For example, force-application member 150 may stop itsforward motion upon contact of first portion 142 and second portion 144to cease compression of spacer 10 upon such contact. In another example,force-application member 150 may continue to apply force to forcetransmitting-member 120 for a specified time and/or distance after suchcontact when it is desired to continue adjusting spacer 10 after suchcontact. First sensor 192 and second sensor 197 may be integral to firstportion 142 and second portion 144, respectively, or the sensors may bestructurally separate from, and attached to, first portion 142 andsecond portion 144. Alternatively, controller 200 could be integral toforce-application member 150 and/or first sensor 192 or second sensor197 such that a contacting of first sensor 192 and second sensor 197 maycause a regulation of the motion of force-application member 150.

An insulation cavity 215 having electrical insulation therein may belocated between first portion 142 and second portion 144 to inhibitelectrical contact therebetween, particularly when first portion 142 andsecond portion 144 have sensors integral thereto. For example, firstportion 142 and second portion 144 may be formed of an electricalconductor thus making such insulation necessary and making each portionitself a sensor. It will be understood by one skilled in the art thatinsulation may be located in various locations to electrically separatefirst portion 142 and second portion 144 and therefore to allowelectrical contact therebetween only at an interface of first sensor 192and second sensor 197. Thus, contact at such an interface point maycomplete an electrical circuit and provide an indication of suchcontact.

Also, first portion 142 and second portion 144 may be separable from oneanother to allow different springs to be substituted for spring 180 infirst spring receiving cavity 146 and second spring receiving cavity147. A locking screw 220, which holds first portion 142 and secondportion 144 together, may also be removable to allow separation of firstportion 142 and second portion 144.

Returning to FIG. 2, a desired compression distance of spacer 10 may beregulated by a longitudinal dimension L2 of force-transmitting member120, which signifies a distance between a bottom side 123 and a notch121 as best indicated in FIG. 2. More specifically, force-transmittingmember 120 may be machined or formed having a particular longitudinaldimension L2 based on a desired preload or compression of spacer 10. L1is a distance that an outer race portion 250 of first portion 142 isoffset from outer race 24. A relationship between L1 and L2 follows:L1+B=L2−R−PB refers to a lower bearing deflection due to the force applied byforce-application member 150; R refers to a spacer resilience; and Prefers to a final preload setting. Therefore, a final preload ofdeformable portion 40 of spacer 10 can be determined by regulation ofthese variables. For example, force-transmitting member 120 may bemachined to have a desired dimension of L2 based on assumed or desiredvalues for the other parameters.

For explanatory purposes, a description of a method for adjusting spacer10 is provided. Preload regulator 140 having a force-transmitting member120 received in a cavity thereof may be received on a bearing assembly1. More specifically, force-transmitting member 120 may abut a top end11 of spacer 10 and preload regulator 140 may be received on a top end 2of bearing assembly 1. Interface member 160 may be received on firstportion 142 of preload regulator 140. Spring 180 may be received infirst spring receiving cavity 146 and second spring receiving cavity 147of first portion 142 and second portion 144, respectively.

FIG. 4 depicts force-application member 150 in a home position prior toit being moved toward spacer 10. In such position, gap 185 is at itslargest longitudinal dimension. Controller 200 coupled to first sensor192 and second sensor 197 of preload regulator 140 via current detector210, brushes 205 and conducting jacket 155 may cause force-applicationmember 150 to move toward spacer 10. FIG. 5 depicts deformable portion40 of spacer 10 being compressed by the movement of force-applicationmember 150. FIG. 6 depicts deformable portion 40 being compressed at itsmaximum amount and force-application member 150 and force-transmittingmember 120 being at their farthest longitudinal position thus causingcontact between first sensor 192 and second sensor 197. Also illustratedis a second gap 186 located between insulator 173 and a bottom of cavity172, (e.g., a top side of first portion 142) which is caused by themovement of first portion 142 to abut second portion 144. Upon thecontact of first sensor 192 and second sensor 197, controller 200 maycause the forward motion of force-application member 150 to stop. Spacer10 is thereby compressed a distance equal to a dimension dependent on alongitudinal dimension of force-transmitting member 120 (e.g., L2). Forexample, a contact between first sensor 192 and second sensor 197results in a completed circuit between first brush 201, second brush203, first portion 142, second portion 144, and conducting jacket 155with such connection being detected by current detector 210. Anindication of such connection is sent by current detector 210 tocontroller 200 which causes a change (e.g., a stop or reversal) in themotion of force-application member 150. Alternatively, upon contact offirst sensor 192 and second sensor 197, controller 200 may control aservo-motor (not shown) of force-application member 150 to continuecompressing spacer 110 for a desired time and/or distance to compressdeformable portion 40 of spacer 10 or desired amount.

As will be evident to one skilled in the art, spacers of variousdimensions and shapes may be adjusted in a similar manner through thesubstitution of various spacers, various sized force-transmittingmembers, various sized preload regulators and portions thereof, variouscontrollers, servo-motors, force-application members, and sensors.Further, the detection of a contact between first sensor 192 and secondsensor 197 may be performed in any number of ways including externalsensors, controllers, or other means of detecting such contact andproviding such information to the controller, or other means forregulating a force applied to spacer 10. Further, a contact betweenfirst portion 142 and second portion 144 may be detected at locationsother than first sensor 192 and second sensor 197 such as, for example,at an intersection point 187 between first portion 142 and secondportion 144. Also, in addition to forming force-transmitting member 120at a particular longitudinal dimension to determine a amount ofcompression of spacer 10 in conjunction with force-application member150, a width of insulator 126 between top portion 122 and bottom portion124 of force-transmitting member 120 may be adjusted to provide desiredpreload or compression to spacer 10.

Although preferred embodiments have been depicted and described indetail herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant artthat various modifications, additions, substitutions and the like can bemade without departing from the spirit of the invention and these aretherefore considered to be within the scope of the invention as definedin the following claims.

1. A spacer-adjustment system for use in adjusting at least one spacerof a bearing assembly, said system comprising: a force-transmittingmember configured to operatively receive a force and to transmit theforce toward the bearing assembly; and a spacer adjustment regulator,said regulator configured separate from a housing or wheel hub engagedwith the bearing assembly, said regulator comprising: a first portionand a second portion movable relative to each other, said first portionbeing movable in response to the force and said second portion beingreceived by and stationary relative to the bearing assembly; a gapbetween said first portion and said second portion, said gapcorresponding to a dimension of a desired adjustment of the at least onespacer; and wherein said force transmitting member is entirely locatedradially inside said regulator.
 2. The system of claim 1 wherein saidgap corresponds to a desired longitudinal adjustment relative to thebearing assembly of the at least one spacer.
 3. The system of claim 2further comprising a spring for maintaining said gap.
 4. The system ofclaim 3 further comprising a spring cavity between said first portionand said second portion and wherein said cavity is configured to receivesaid spring.
 5. The system of claim 1 further comprising means formaintaining said gap between said first portion and said second portion.6. The system of claim 1 further comprising a force-application memberfor providing the force to the force-transmitting member and acontroller configured to cause movement of said force transmittingmember and said first portion toward the bearing assembly.
 7. The systemof claim 6 wherein said controller is configured to regulate an amountof an adjustment to be provided to the at least one spacer based on saiddimension of said gap.
 8. The system of claim 7 wherein said controlleris configured to control a speed of said force-application member.
 9. Amethod for adjusting at least one spacer of a bearing assembly, themethod comprising: applying a force to a force-transmitting member and aspacer adjustment regulator to move the force-transmitting member, theforce-transmitting member located entirely radially inside theregulator; receiving the force at the spacer adjustment regulatorconfigured separate from a hub or housing engaged with the bearingassembly, the regulator comprising: a first portion and a second portionmovable relative to each other, the first portion being operativelymovable with the force-transmitting member and the second portion beingreceived by, and stationary relative to, the bearing assembly; and a gapbetween the first portion and the second portion, the gap correspondingto a dimension of a desired adjustment of the at least one spacer. 10.The method of claim 9 further comprising moving the first portion towardthe bearing assembly to cause the gap between the first portion and thesecond portion to be at least partially closed.
 11. The method of claim9 further comprising locating a spring between the first portion and thesecond portion to provide the gap between the first portion and thesecond portion.
 12. The method of claim 9 further comprising aforce-application member applying the force to the force-transmittingmember to move the force-transmitting member.
 13. The method of claim 9further comprising regulating an amount of an adjustment to be providedto the at least one spacer based on the dimension of the gap.
 14. Themethod of claim 9 wherein the spacer adjustment regulator comprises acontroller and further comprising the controller regulating an amount ofan adjustment to be provided to the at least one spacer based on thedimension of the gap.
 15. The method of claim 9 further comprisingcontrolling a force-application member to move the force-transmittingmember toward the bearing assembly.
 16. The method of claim 15 whereinthe controlling the force-application member comprises controllingmovement of the force-application member by the controller.
 17. Aspacer-adjustment system for use in adjusting at least one spacer of abearing assembly, said system comprising: a force-transmitting memberconfigured to operatively receive a force and to transmit the forcetoward the bearing assembly; and a spacer adjustment regulatoroperatively engageable with a separate wheel hub or housing fitted withthe bearing assembly, said regulator comprising: a first portion and asecond portion movable relative to each other, said first portion beingmovable in response to the force and said second portion being receivedby and stationary relative to the bearing assembly, said first portionand said second portion having a gap therebetween; a controllerconfigured to regulate an amount of an adjustment to be provided to theat least one spacer based on a dimension of said gap between said firstportion and said second portion; and wherein said force-transmittingmember is entirely located radially inside said regulator.
 18. Aspacer-adjustment system for use in adjusting at least one spacer of abearing assembly, said system comprising: a force-transmitting memberconfigured to operatively receive a force and to transmit the forcetoward the bearing assembly; a spacer adjustment regulator configuredseparate from a housing or wheel hub engaged with the bearing assembly,said regulator comprising a first portion and a second portion movablerelative to each other, said first portion being movable in response tothe force and said second portion being received by and stationaryrelative to the bearing assembly; and said force-transmitting memberlocated entirely radially inside said spacer adjustment regulator.